Fomite transmission is difficult to prove definitively, in part because respiratory transmission from asymptomatic people cannot be ruled out 3, 4, 5. Infections can often be attributed to multiple transmission pathways. There have been few reports of COVID-19 cases potentially attributed to fomite transmission 1, 2. However, it is not clear what proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections are acquired through surface transmission.
The time between when a surface becomes contaminated and when a person touches the surface.The interaction with environmental factors (e.g., heat and evaporation) causing damage to virus particles while airborne and on fomites.The deposition of expelled virus particles onto surfaces (fomites), which is affected by air flow and ventilation.The amount of virus infected people expel (which can be substantially reduced by wearing masks).The infection prevalence rate in the community.The risk of fomite-mediated transmission is dependent on: The envelope for SARS-CoV-2, as with other enveloped respiratory viruses, is labile and can degrade quickly upon contact with surfactants contained in cleaning agents and under environmental conditions. The envelope contains structures (spike proteins) for attaching to human cells during infection. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is an enveloped virus, meaning that its genetic material is packed inside an outer layer (envelope) of proteins and lipids.
It is possible for people to be infected through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects (fomites), but the risk is generally considered to be low. The principal mode by which people are infected with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) is through exposure to respiratory droplets carrying infectious virus.
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